Ebook Architecture for Astronauts: An Activity-based Approach (Springer Praxis Books), by Sandra H�uplik-Meusburger
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The first part of this book introduces all relevant American and Russian realized extra-terrestrial habitats: The Apollo Spacecraft and Lunar Module, the Space Shuttle Orbiter, and the Space Stations; Salyut, Skylab, Mir, as well as the International Space Station. It provides an overview of the architecture and configuration, highlights specific issues concerning the interior layout and compares the spatial and time allocation of human activities. Drawings and diagrams facilitate comparison.
The main part of the book concentrates on the investigation of the relationship between the environment and its users. This method evaluates and summarizes all the selected habitats by means of the human activities in relation to the characteristics of the built environment (Sleep, Hygiene, Food, Work and Leisure). In addition to analyzing the available data, it integrates the astronauts' personal experiences into the evaluation.
The author conducted structured interviews with astronauts with a special focus on human activity. The book confronts the findings from relevant literature and analysis - based on crew transcripts, spacecraft drawings and mission images - with the personal experiences of the users: the astronauts and cosmonauts. To facilitate orientation and to ease comparison with architectural drawings and diagrams each category was assigned a specific colour. Design directions for each category conclude each chapter.
- Sales Rank: #3646868 in Books
- Published on: 2011-06-27
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.21" h x .75" w x 6.14" l, 1.85 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 316 pages
Review
From the reviews:
“Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger’s work, Architecture for Astronauts: An Activity-Based Approach, contributes to this effort through an architectural exploration of habitats and the needs of astronauts in undertaking longer, more complicated voyages than ever before. … This is an intelligent, challenging book … useful for designers and architects, engineers, and other professionals.” (Roger D. Launius, Quest: The History of Spaceflight, Vol. 19 (4), 2012) From the Back Cover
Living and working in extra-terrestrial habitats means being potentially vulnerable to very harsh environmental, social, and psychological conditions. With the stringent technical specifications for launch vehicles and transport into space, a very tight framework for the creation of habitable space is set. These constraints result in a very demanding “partnership” between the habitat and the inhabitant.
This book is the result of researching the interface between people, space and objects in an extra-terrestrial environment. The evaluation of extra-terrestrial habitats in comparison to the user’s perspective leads to a new framework, comparing these buildings from the viewpoint of human activity. It can be used as reference or as conceptual framework for the purpose of evaluation. It also summarizes relevant human-related design directions. The work is addressed to architects and designers as well as engineers.
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A Strong Discussion of the Challenges of Human Habilability in Space
By Roger D. Launius
There has been considerable effort of late to investigate the issue of habitability of spacecraft, stations, and quarters. Not only has there been long duration studies undertaken by life scientists, but also engineering analyses sponsored through such activities as the “100 Year Starship Study” that DARPA recently undertook. Social scientists have also been investigating this subject and the work of Nicholas de Monchaux on spacesuits and Albert A. Harrison on the issues of medical and environmental hazards, as well as life support and habitation. All of these studies, whether scientific, technological, or social science seem oriented toward the same end, understanding more fully what is necessary for human beings to be able to live in space for extended period.
Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger’s work, Architecture for Astronauts: An Activity-Based Approach, contributes to this effort through an architectural exploration of habitats and the needs of astronauts in undertaking longer, more complicated voyages than ever before. The author is on the architecture faculty of the Institute for Architecture and Design at the Technical University of Vienna, in Austria. Working through her study in a chronological manner, Häuplik-Meusburger discusses initially the first American and Soviet space habitats, the Apollo capsule, Lunar Module, and Space Shuttle as well as the Space Stations: Salyut, Skylab, Mir, and the International Space Station. For each she offers an assessment of the configuration, its human factors engineering, and its overall habitability, or its lack thereof. That latter was mostly the case for both nations as engineers initially tended to undervalue the issue of habitability. That changed over time, and the International Space Station has been altered for human occupancy and comfort.
The author then explores the relationship between the astronauts and cosmonauts and the built environment that they must occupy. She is at her best in assessing the nature of the key elements of these containers in Earth orbit. Each astronaut is asked to engage in the human activities sleep, hygiene, food, work, and leisure. Using a series of structured interviews—almost anthropological in nature—as well as a range of other sources, Häuplik-Meusburger assesses the relatively Spartan and uncomfortable conditions found on most spacecraft. It is a truism that if true spacefaring is ever to occur, unlike the relatively short “camping trips” thus far undertaken, more attention will have to be paid to this aspect of the task.
This is an intelligent, challenging book, perhaps too technical for some readers but nonetheless useful for designers and architects, engineers and other professionals. It is a useful source for historians but it is most assuredly not an history. Such a work has yet to be written, but it could be a rewarding exercise for someone to undertake.
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
User-Friendly Overview of Human Factors in Space
By Bart Leahy
I was came to this book in a roundabout way, but I was really glad that I did: Architecture for Astronauts provides a high-quality, user-friendly overview of habitats designed for long-term human occupation in space. If you note the price, you'll see that the book is not inexpensive, but the author, Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger (hereafter SHM), has gone to great lengths to make the content accessible and visually appealing.
Beginning with an overview of the spacecraft--Apollo, the Salyut series, Skylab, Mir, Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS)--the author explains why some spacecraft were covered, but not others. For instance, while the Mercury, Gemini, and Soyuz spacecraft all had long missions, they were not included because they were more or less made for transportation, not habitation. Another nice feature of the front matter is that it provides infographics depicting how mission time and habitat space are allocated. In the case of describing the interior space, SHM depicts the spacecraft architecturally and logically. For instance, there's a nice table on pages 92-93 showing where astronaut activities are performed within the common area(s) of a spacecraft--work, sleep, hygiene, eating, and leisure--and which are performed in a detached area. For instance, an extravehicular activity (EVA) is depicted as being "outside the circle," while eating, hygiene, and leisure occur within a common area or areas.
Architecture for Astronauts: An Activity-based Approach (Springer Praxis Books)
The color-coding is also useful, as it ties to the colored edging tabs for each primary section (sleep, work, etc.). Along with color-coding activities in space, SHM provides some handy tables, such as the one above, which list the attributes of individual spacecraft vertically to allow the reader to get an overview of that system as well as horizontal comparisons by attribute. Also, each major section includes a set of lessons learned (called "Design Directions") for future spacecraft designs. Lastly, each topic is covered in a series of two-page spreads so you don't have to flip back and forth. In short, a lot of work went into making this book visually appealing, accessible, and useful.
I would consider this to be a good introductory textbook providing a historical overview of human-rated space systems for the space architecture practitioner. If you're looking for a good look into human factors in space, I would recommend this book as a starting point, then shift over to Out of This World: The New Field of Space Architecture, which concentrates more on the structures than the astronauts and Patricia Santy's Choosing the Right Stuff, which delves into the evaluation and selection of astronauts (and which I still need to read!).
Out of This World (Library of Flight)
Choosing the Right Stuff: The Psychological Selection of Astronauts and Cosmonauts (Human Evolution, Behavior, and Intelligence)
For someone like me, who's an enthusiast, the book provides just about the right level of detail. If you want to know more, each chapter provides an extensive list of sources, including interviews conducted with nine astronauts across the entire range of systems (though I was mildly surprised that there were no women included among the interviewees).
I mentioned that I came to this book in a roundabout way, so I'll explain that briefly. The author of this text coauthored a paper with an American I met at the Global Space Exploration Conference. That paper concentrated on one area covered in Architecture for Astronauts: the inclusion of plants as a way to improve the quality of life for astronauts on long-duration space missions. I liked the paper, became friends with the coauthor, then acquainted with the author via Facebook.
What I got most out of this book is how downright unusual and unnatural human travel through space is. I've been on the machinery end of NASA for six years, and I tend to forget about the people actually doing the work. It's not just a matter of making machines that can survive launch, orbit, and landing in space environments, you have to make those machines capable of keeping humans alive, safe, healthy, and sane for days, weeks, or months at a time. It's not just a matter of cramped quarters or zero gravity, but radiation, loud noises, isolation from friends and family, and overwork that can creep up on the astronaut and make him or her a little stressed. And after reading the section on "Hygiene," I've never been so grateful for Earth gravity and regularly functioning toilets. At any rate, we're still a long way from Star Trek and "normal" life in space.
If Architecture for Astronauts has one flaw, it is that the two-page-per topic format prevents the reader from getting too far in depth with any one subject, which made me want to know more about how all this stuff fits together. In that case, I suppose, this book is a resounding success!
0 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Architecture, up there
By Kursad Ozdemir
This book provides us an insight into the practice of "astronautship", leaning on the facts of the daily life up there. In short, people in a hostile space, in need of a confined environment. This is where architecture for astronauts steps in. The striking role of "human factors" seem to stay at the highest level of system architecture of space missions, as we are "just humans" all the way long to the stars.
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